Equestrianism (also referred to as horseback riding, horseriding and equestrienne) is the use of horses for competitive sports, recreation, work, or training. It is also used as a tool for education, cultural exercises, and artistic pursuits. In competitive equestrian events, horses and riders are judged on performance, horsemanship, and quality of movement. A variety of disciplines include dressage, endurance riding, show jumping and polo. In addition to competition, horses are used for practical working purposes such as police work and herding livestock on ranches.
Despite having an ancient heritage, modern equestrian sports have emerged over the last century. In the United States, dressage is a popular discipline with over 2 million competitors, and in Europe, eventing has become more widespread. Other disciplines include fox hunting, barrel racing, show jumping, and cross country jumping. The International Equestrian Federation (FEI) oversees Olympic-level events in all of the aforementioned disciplines. In addition, the FEI offers a series of regional world championships in equestrian sports including combined driving, endurance, reining and tent pegging.
Many of the aforementioned events are held at equestrian centers, also known as horse shows. They feature various disciplines and are open to the public. Horses are ridden to navigate a course of obstacles and are scored on their speed, precision, and technique. Often, a timer is given to the competitor to challenge them to ride as close to that perfect time as possible. Other times, judges assess the physical condition of the horse and rider and also consider campsite and horse management skills during the competition. A veterinarian is typically present to check the horse’s health and soundness during the event.
In the past, there was a common belief that riding a horse astride would cause damage to a woman’s hymen. Although research has shown that this is not the case, some women may experience perineal trauma and discomfort, especially novice equestrians.
Those who are interested in learning to ride should start with basic dressage and groundwork. This is a great way to begin establishing a relationship with the horse and developing trust. Then, the rider can progress to more advanced techniques and disciplines.
In addition to the competitive disciplines, a lot of people enjoy the pleasures of equestrian sports. This includes trail riding, which allows riders to explore natural and geographical features on horseback. It is also a fun sport to do with friends and family. Some riders even compete in the sport of bareback bronc riding, a type of rodeo that requires riding a bucking bull.